Monthly Archives: September 2023

Best Practices for Creating CDS Views in Eclipse

Category:Programming,SAP,SAP ABAP Tags : ABAP CDS software development

Introduction:

CDS views (Core Data Services) are a powerful tool in SAP’s ABAP programming language that allows you to define semantically rich data models and create database views.

At also Eclipse is an integrated development environment (IDE) widely used by ABAP developers for CDS development.

This guide will walk you through the best practices for creating CDS views using Eclipse, ensuring efficient and maintainable code.

Prerequisites:

Before you begin, ensure that you have the following set up:

1. SAP NetWeaver ABAP Development Tools (ADT) installed in your Eclipse IDE, if you haven’t this tools please follow the instructions from this link https://tools.hana.ondemand.com/#abap
2. Access to an SAP system with the required authorization to create CDS views.

Step 1:

In order to create a New CDS View To create a new CDS view in Eclipse, follow these steps:

1. In the Eclipse IDE, open the ABAP Development Perspective.
2. Right-click on your package or folder where you want to create the CDS view.
3. Select “New” → “Other ABAP Repository Object.”
4. In the “New ABAP Repository Object” wizard, select “Core Data Services” → “Data Definition.”
5. Click “Next” and provide a meaningful name and description for your CDS view.
6. Choose the package and transport request for your CDS view.
7. Click “Finish” to create the CDS view.

Step 2:

Define the CDS View Structure Next, define the structure of your CDS view using the CDS Data Definition Language (DDL). Here’s an example of a simple CDS view:

abap

@AbapCatalog.sqlViewName: 'ZCDS_SAMPLE'
@AbapCatalog.compiler.compareFilter: true
@AccessControl.authorizationCheck: #CHECK
@EndUserText.label: 'Sample CDS View'
define view Z_CDS_SAMPLE as select from spfli as Flight {
    key Flight.Carrid,
    key Flight.Connid,
    Flight.Fldate,
    Flight.Price,
    Flight.Currency,
    Flight.Planetype,
    Flight.Seatsmax
} 

Step 3:

Enhance Your CDS View To enhance your CDS view, you can add calculated fields, associations, annotations, and other advanced features. Here’s an example of adding a calculated field and an annotation:

abap

@AbapCatalog.sqlViewName: 'ZCDS_SAMPLE'
@AbapCatalog.compiler.compareFilter: true
@AccessControl.authorizationCheck: #CHECK
@EndUserText.label: 'Sample CDS View'
define view Z_CDS_SAMPLE as select from spfli as Flight {
    key Flight.Carrid,
    key Flight.Connid,
    Flight.Fldate,
    Flight.Price,
    Flight.Currency,
    Flight.Planetype,
    Flight.Seatsmax,
    (Flight.Price * 1.1) as PriceWithTax
} 

Step 4:

Test and Activate Your CDS View After defining your CDS view, it’s essential to test and activate it. To do so, right-click on your CDS view file and select “Activate” from the context menu. Ensure that there are no syntax errors or activation issues.

Step 5:

Utilize Naming Conventions and Documentation To maintain consistency and improve code readability, follow naming conventions for CDS views and its elements. Additionally, document your CDS view using annotations like @EndUserText.label to provide meaningful descriptions. This practice makes it easier for other developers to understand and use your CDS view.

Step 6:

Perform Regular Code Reviews
Perform regular code reviews of your CDS views to identify any performance bottlenecks, code smells, or areas for improvement.

Performing regular code reviews of your CDS views is crucial to ensure their efficiency and maintainability. Here are some key points to consider during code reviews:

1. Performance Optimization: Review your CDS view for potential performance bottlenecks. Avoid unnecessary calculations, joins, or filters that could impact query execution time. Consider using appropriate database-specific optimizations like table indexes or partitioning.
2. Readability and Maintainability: Ensure that your CDS view code is clear, concise, and follows standard naming conventions. Use meaningful names for entities, fields, and annotations. Break down complex logic into smaller, reusable entities or subviews.
3. Error Handling: Check for proper error handling and error messages in your CDS view. Handle exceptions or unexpected scenarios gracefully and provide meaningful error messages to aid debugging and troubleshooting.
4. Documentation: Document your CDS view thoroughly, including its purpose, input parameters, output structure, and any assumptions or limitations. Add comments within the code to clarify complex logic or business rules.
5. Data Access Control: Consider applying appropriate access control annotations (@AccessControl) to restrict access to sensitive data within your CDS view. Follow the principle of least privilege while defining authorization checks.
6. Test Coverage: Ensure that your CDS view has comprehensive test coverage. Write unit tests to validate different scenarios and edge cases. Verify that the CDS view returns the expected results and handles errors gracefully.

Step 7:

Version Control and Transport Management

To ensure proper version control and transport management of your CDS views, follow these best practices:

1. Version Control: Store your CDS view source code in a version control system, such as Git. This allows you to track changes, collaborate with other developers, and easily revert to previous versions if needed. Use descriptive commit messages to provide clarity about the changes made.
2. Transport Requests: Create a transport request for your CDS view to move it between different system landscapes (e.g., development, quality assurance, production). Assign the CDS view and its related artifacts (annotations, data elements, etc.) to the same transport request for consistency.
3. Transport Route: Follow the established transport route in your organization’s landscape. Ensure that the necessary approvals and quality checks are performed before moving the CDS view to higher landscapes. This helps maintain system integrity and avoids unintended changes in production.
4. Proper Testing: Before including the CDS view in a transport request, thoroughly test it in the respective system landscape. Perform integration tests, regression tests, and verify the compatibility with dependent objects or applications.
5. Change Documentation: Document any changes or updates made to the CDS view in the transport request. Include details about the purpose of the changes, any potential impacts, and relevant information for future reference.

Step 8:

Continuous Improvement

CDS views are a vital component of your SAP system, and continuous improvement is crucial to ensure optimal performance and functionality. Consider the following practices:

1. Performance Monitoring: Monitor the performance of your CDS views and identify areas that can be optimized. Analyze runtime statistics, SQL execution plans, and system logs to identify bottlenecks. Adjust the CDS view structure or implement performance tuning techniques accordingly.
2. Feedback and Collaboration: Foster a culture of collaboration and feedback within your development team. Encourage developers to share knowledge, exchange ideas, and provide constructive feedback on CDS views. Regularly review and refine your CDS views based on lessons learned and feedback received.
3. Stay Updated: Stay informed about the latest SAP releases, updates, and best practices related to CDS development. Attend webinars, conferences, and training sessions to stay up-to-date with new features and improvements in CDS modeling.
4. Code Reusability: Identify opportunities to reuse existing CDS views or elements in new developments. Leverage the modular nature of CDS views to create reusable components, reducing duplication and promoting consistency across applications.

Conclusion:

By following these best practices for creating CDS views in Eclipse, and adopting a proactive approach to version control, transport management, and continuous improvement, you can ensure the development of high-quality, efficient, and maintainable CDS views. Leveraging these guidelines will help you create robust and scalable solutions within the SAP ecosystem.

Remember to adapt these practices to the specific requirements and guidelines of your organization and project. Regularly review and update your CDS views based on evolving business needs and emerging best practices.

Happy CDS development!